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Key to Nordic Microgastrinae
Microgastrinae
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Taxa:
Second submarginal cell
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Fore wing with the second submarginal cell (areolet) enclosed, or at least its outline marked by faint lines.
Fore wing with the second submarginal cell open at least distally, at most a short stub of vein 3RS.
Hind coxa
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Hind coxa small, about 2 times as large as the mid coxa and less than 0.3 times as long as the metasoma, not reaching beyond the hind margin of tergite 2 (usually not beyond tergite 1). Hind tibial spurs of similar length, shorter than half of tarsal segment 1.
Hind coxa large, about 3 times as large as the mid coxa and at least 0.3 times as long as the metasoma, reaching beyond the hind margin of tergite 2. Inner hind tibial spur usually longer than half of tarsal segment 1.
Hypopygium
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Female: hypopygium membranous and desclerotised below, with several pleats (longitudinal lines).
Female: hypopygium sclerotised, but slightly folded along the midline, setting off a more translucent, flexible area without pleats.
Female: hypopygium fully sclerotised, without any pleats or folds.
Ovipositor sheath hairs
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Female: ovipositor sheaths densely and conspicuously setose along all or most of their exposed length.
Female: ovipositor sheaths with a few sparse setae, mostly at or near the tip.
Female: ovipositor sheaths without visible setae (or with a very few minute ones).
Ovipositor sheath length
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The often setose part of the ovipositor sheaths projecting beyond the hypopygium by half the length of the hind tibia or more.
Ovipositor sheaths projecting less than half the length of the hind tibia, often scarcely beyond the hypopygium.
Tarsus
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Tarsal segment 5 enlarged, usually longer than segment 3 and 4 together. Hind claws large and simple. Body looks slightly flattened in side view.
Tarsal segment 5 of normal size, usually not longer than segment 3 and 4 together.
Tergites 1 and 2
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Tergite 1 clearly widest at its hind margin, without a median longitudinal groove. tergite 2 broad, rectangular or nearly so. tergites 1 and 2 strongly sculptured.
Tergite 1 rarely widest at the hind margin (if so, with a strong median longitudinal groove). Tergite 2 usually not broad and rectangular. Sculpture of tergite 1 and 2 often weaker.
Tergite 1 groove
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Tergite 1 with a median longitudinal groove over most of its length which sometimes is quite weak.
Tergite 1 without a median longitudinal groove, at most with a broad depression at the front.
Scutellum hind band
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Hind band of the scutellum (differentiated area right before the metanotum) sculptured in the middle, so the scutellum is rugose (or punctate) right next to the metanotum.
Hind band of the scutellum smooth in the middle, leaving a smooth area between the scutellum and the metanotum.
Propodeum
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Propodeum evenly rugose, without any distinct carinae.
Propodeum rugose, usually with a median longitudinal carina (sometimes hidden by the sculpture) and often a partial transverse carina.
Propodeum mostly smooth and shiny, with a strong, raised median longitudinal carina.
Propodeum with wavy wrinkles radiating outwards from a central longitudinal line that looks like a keel.
Propodeum mostly smooth, sometimes with a few wrinkles at the hind margin, or with carinae outlining a complete or partial areola. No strong median carina.
Fore wing veins r / 2RS
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Fore wing vein r much longer than the short vein 2RS, the two meeting in a curve; stub of 3RS at most weak.
Fore wing vein r straight, hardly longer than the long and straight vein 2RS, meeting it at a sharp angle with a distinct stub of 3RS.
Vannal lobe
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Hind wing vannal lobe straight to slightly concave, usually without setae in the middle, rarely with a few very short setae.
Hind wing vannal lobe evenly convex, with a uniform fringe of relatively long setae in the middle.
Mesoscutum punctation
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Mesoscutum with punctures that run become more or less elongate and fuse together near the hind margin.
Mesoscutum with punctures that stay separate near the hind margin.
Tergite 1 shape
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Tergite 1 parallel-sided or slightly widening backwards and broadly rounded at the hind corners.
Tergite 1 wedge-shaped or strongly narrowing towards the hind margin.
Tergite 2 shape
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Tergite 2 rectangular or subquadrate, usually largely rugose and a little shorter than or as long as tergite 3. Tergite 3 sometimes sculptured at the front.
Tergite 2 triangular or trapezoidal (if rectangular, its front corners rounded), shorter than tergite 3; tergite 3 entirely smooth.
Choeras / Pholetesor
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Tarsal claws pectinate. Flagellum very bristly; tergite 1 broad and widely rounded behind.
Tarsal claws simple. Flagellum not unusually bristly.
Remaining taxa:
Apanteles
Choeras (some)
Choeras (parasitellae group)
Choeras (validus group)
Cotesia
Deuterixys
Diolcogaster
Dolichogenidea
Glyptapanteles
Hygroplitis
Iconella
Illidops
Microgaster
Microplitis
Paroplitis
Pholetesor
Protapanteles
Rasivalva
Sathon
Discarded taxa:
Info
Key to the Nordic genera of Microgastrinae. It is focused on females, but most males should key out. Some, but not very extensive, testing has been preformed. Results should not be trusted blindly. It is mostly based on Shaw et. al (2024).
References
Shaw, M.R., Höcherl, A. & Fernandez-Triana, J. (2024). An illustrated key to European genera of Microgastrinae parasitoid wasps (Hymenoptera, Braconidae) with a recent historical and biological perspective and a guide to available species-level identification resources. ZooKeys 1212: 285–316.
https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1212.126155
Mason, W.R.M. (1981). The polyphyletic nature of Apanteles Foerster (Hymenoptera: Braconidae): A phylogeny and reclassification of Microgastrinae. Memoirs of the Entomological Society of Canada. No 115. 147pp.
Tobias, V.I. (1986). Acaeliinae, Cardiochilinae, Microgastrinae, Miracinae.Supplement. pp. 336-501. In: «Medvedev» G.S. (ed.) 'Opredelitel Nasekomych Evrospeiskoi Tsasti SSSR 3, Peredpontdatokrylye 4. Opr. Faune SSSR.' 145:1–501. pp. 336–501. [Keys to the insects of the European part of USSR. Hymenoptera.]
Nixon, G.E.J. (1965). A reclassification of the tribe Microgasterini (Hymenoptera: Braconidae). Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History), Entomology series. Supplement 2:1-284.
Nixon, G.E.J. (1968). A revision of the genus Microgaster Latreille (Hymenoptera: Braconidae). Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History), Entomology series 22: 33–72.
Nixon, G.E.J. (1973). A revision of the north-western European species of the vitripennis, pallipes, octonarius, triangulator, fraternus, formosus, parasitellas, metacarpalis and circumscriptus- groups of Apanteles Förster (Hymenoptera: Braconidae). Bulletin of Entomological Research 63: 169–228.
Fernandez-Triana, J., Shaw, M.R., Boudreault, C., Beaudin, M. & Broad, G.R. (2020). Annotated and illustrated world checklist of Microgastrinae parasitoid wasps (Hymenoptera, Braconidae). ZooKeys 920: 1–1089.
https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.920.39128
Key to Nordic Microgastrinae
Microgastrinae
